Gouvernance et performance organisationnelle des Petites et Moyennes Entreprises de la ville de Bukavu en Rd Congo
Publication Date : 14-02-2026
Author(s) :
Claude BENEMUNGU BISANGWA & Fidèle MATITI LUKWESA, Fidèle MATITI LUKWESA.
Volume/Issue :
Volume 1
,
Issue 1
(02 - 2026)
Abstract :
Abstract: The issue of the ideal profile of the owner-manager in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) is a complex but relevant topic. The reasons for creating and/or running a business are numerous. They vary from person to person, as not everyone has the same motivations for starting a business, and some believe they lack the necessary skills to launch a project. The role of the manager within the company has become a key factor in the success of a modern business. Management literature extensively explores this role because it is central to the effectiveness of top management, which is distinguished by its leadership style.
These observations reveal that if good governance is integrated into SMEs, they can overcome the obstacles they face. Given the importance of SMEs and their unavoidable role, it is therefore necessary to examine their governance as a solution to the difficulties they face, enabling them to overcome these challenges and thus improve performance. This examination clarifies the relationship between the two fundamental concepts by specifying the organizational dimensions impacting the performance of SMEs in the city of Bukavu.
Indeed, our results reveal the situation of entrepreneurial leaders who have achieved organizational performance on average, with a score of 3.975, or 79.5%. SMEs are crucial because they sustain the population of Bukavu.
According to our results, the organizational performance dimension appears significant and influences governance on SME performance, as evidenced by its high explained variance of 65%. This research on SMEs in Bukavu allows us to analyze the organizational performance measurement system through these items: the speed of operations, availability of products that are better and more satisfactory than those of its competitors, the number of innovations, the achievement of objectives, excellence at work, growth and profitability of the company.
Key words : Governance, organizational, effectiveness , SMEs
Résumé : La problématique sur le profil du dirigeant-propriétaire des Petites et Moyennes Entreprises est un sujet mitigé, mais reste d’intérêt et d’actualité. Les raisons de créer et/ou de conduire une entreprise sont nombreuses. Elles dépendent de chacun étant donné que tout le monde n’a pas les mêmes motivations pour se lancer en affaire et certains pensent qu’ils n’ont pas ce qu’il faut pour démarrer un projet. Le rôle du dirigeant dans l’entreprise est devenu un facteur
clé de réussite pour une entreprise moderne. Dans la littérature du management, la question du rôle
2 est abondamment développée car elle est au cœur de l‘efficacité du « top-management » qui se distingue par le style de commandement.
Ces constats révèlent que si la bonne gouvernance est intégrée dans les PME, ces dernières peuvent surmonter les obstacles auxquels elles se heurtent. Face à l’importance des PME et leur rôle inéluctable, il faut de ce fait examiner leurs gouvernances comme solution aux difficultés auxquelles elles font face pour leurs permettre de surmonter leurs difficultés et ainsi améliorer la performance et éclaircir la relation entre les deux concepts de base en spécifiant les dimensions organisationnelles sur la performance des PME de la ville de Bukavu.
En effet, ses résultats nous exposent la situation des dirigeants entrepreneurs qui retrouvent la performance organisationnelle pour une moyenne de 3,975 soit 79,5%. Les PME sont très importantes parcequ’ elles maintiennent la population de Bukavu en vie.
D’ après nos résultats, la dimension performance organisationnelle semble significative et elle influence la gouvernance sur la performance des PME. Car elle est une valeur de la variance expliquée élevé soit à 65%. La présente recherche sur les PME de Bukavu permet d’ analyser le système de mesure de performance organisationnelle à travers ces items : la rapidité des opérations , disposition des produits meilleurs et satisfaisants que ses concurrents, le nombre d’ innovation , l’ atteinte des objectifs , l’ excellence, au travail, la croissance et la profitabilité de l’entreprise .
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Students’ Perception on taught Theories and Clinical Practice in Nursing Education Training
Publication Date : 20/09/2020
DOI: 10.36966/irjar2020.15
Author(s) :
Julien Feti Kisiata, MScN, Hatice Şen, PhD.
Volume/Issue :
Volume 1
,
Issue 1
(09 - 2020)
Abstract :
Theory and practice are two important
components of nursing education. When
knowledge acquired in theory translates into
practice, effective learning takes place in nursing
education. However, research shows that there
is a gap between theory and practice. This study
was conducted to find out if there is a
connection between theories taught in the
classroom and the practice of nursing.
Qualitative phenomenological design and oneon-
one semi-structured interviews were used to
collect the data in this study.
Four main themes were identified in the study:
"Nursing education, theory-practice gap in
nursing education if any, reasons for the theorypractice
gap in nursing education and
suggestions for bridging the theory-practice gap
in nursing education ". Twelve out of sixteen
students, or seventy-five percent, explained that
there was no balance between theory and
practice in nursing education. This imbalance
explains the notion of a gap between theory and
practice in nursing education. Students showed
the complexity of the theoretical teaching
environment compared to the clinical learning
environment. Indeed, these environments have
an impact on the learning experience of nursing
students. To bridge this gap, many students
suggested balancing theory and practice,
supporting them more with clinical teaching,
and the desirability of solving the language
barrier issue between students, theory teachers
and others clinical professors. As a result of this
study on the gap between theory and practice in
nursing education, the qualitative design used
in this paper provided new and rich data on the
quality of education, the reasons and the
solution regarding the Gaps in theory and
practice in nursing education at the University
of the Near East in North Cyprus. The results of
this study would contribute to the revision of
the nursing education program of this
university. This is the first study in the Republic
of Northern Cyprus to examine the gap between
theory and practice.
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Rutin Inhibits F, G, N and O gonorrhea strains, 2008 WHO N-gonorrhea Reference strains, in vitro
Publication Date : 05/07/2020
DOI: 10.36966/irjar2020.13
Author(s) :
Freddy Munyololo Muganza, PhD, Mutendela Tabize Olivier, PhD (cand.), Leshweni Jeremia Shai, PhD, Stanley Sechene Gololo, PhD.
Volume/Issue :
Volume 1
,
Issue 1
(07 - 2020)
Abstract :
Rutin was isolated from methanol extract of
the aerial part of Asparagus suaveolens using
precipitation method. South Africans use Asparagus
suaveolens to treat gonorrhea infections. The obtained
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Liquid
Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (LC-MS) data
and visiting the published data on the isolation of
rutin confirmed the structure. The 2008 WHO
Neisseria gonorrhea reference strains were used to
evaluate microbial activity of rutin against the
gonorrhea strains. Rutin found to be bacteriostatic
against WHO 2008 Neisseria gonorrhoea F, G, N and O
strains with the minimum inhibition concentration of
0.40, 0.65, 0.22 and 0.65 mg/ml, respectively. In
addition, rutin fare better than the reference drugs
and bactericidal against K, L, M, and P strains. These
results support the traditional use of Asparagus
suaveolens against gonorrhea infections by South
African indigenous people. To our knowledge, this is
the first study indicating the activity of rutin against
N.gonorrhea strains.
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Perceptions des Tradipraticiens sur les soins des Personnes Souffrant d’une Maladie Avancée
Publication Date : 20/01/2022
DOI: 10.36966/irjar2022.1
Author(s) :
Jacques Lofandjola Masumbuku, Ernest Sumaili Kiswaya, Jean Petermans.
Volume/Issue :
Volume 1
,
Issue 1
(01 - 2022)
Abstract :
Despite the recommendation of the World Health Organization to integrate traditional medicine into the health systems of low-income countries, the management by traditional healers of patients with advanced disease in the DRC remains poorly documented. This study contributes to the understanding of this practice. This qualitative study was conducted in association with traditional healers involved in the management of patients with advanced disease. Participants listed the different types of advanced stage chronic diseases that they manage. Healing is the ultimate goal of this medicine regardless of the stage of the disease. The supports provided are physical. Medicines are sometimes given free and payment is made afterwards. Support does not exist in this medicine. Practitioners are wary of working with doctors and hospitals and have pointed out administrative constraints. This study made it possible to highlight the various elements that can negatively influence the quality of life of the patient suffering from an advanced disease, namely: the supports provided are mainly physical, the poor collaboration with doctors and hospitals and the existence administrative constraints in the legal exercise of this type of medicine.
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Vers une Amélioration de la Prestation de Services de Santé pour les Franco-Ontariens
Publication Date : 21/04/2021
DOI: 10.36966/irjar2021.2
Author(s) :
Pascale-Anne M. Doucet, MPH (candid.), Robyn Gorham, EdD, Elena Hunt, PhD.
Volume/Issue :
Volume 2
,
Issue 2
(04 - 2021)
Abstract :
Despite Canada’s linguistic duality status, the francophone community continues to be neglected by the country's authorities. More specifically, the limited scope and access to health services offered to francophones in Ontario pose a serious threat to this population. Facilities providing health services continue to ignore existing health care policies. This situation imposes several actions at the federal, legislative and community levels necessary to ensure the bilingual guarantee promised to the Canadian population. Among these, we must increase the
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Francophone presence in decision-making groups to ensure the design and establishment of health programs and services focused on the unique and distinct needs of Franco-Ontarians. Moreover, federal financial commitment to Francophone community organizations is essential in order to provide more health services in French, especially in northern and rural communities in the province. Finally, government funding for future research on the health of Francophones is necessary since this will serve as a solid basis for determining how to better serve this population. To achieve this, we would have to consider lobbying, encouraging institutions that provide health services to obtain their bilingual designation, and updating the French Language Services Act. However, by continuing inaction, Franco-Ontarians risk becoming assimilated into the rest of the population, wasting away and seeing their health deteriorating. This article seeks to point out the need to improve the delivery of health services in French in Ontario.
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Approche pédagogique pour la littératie et la numératie chez les jeunes autochtones du Canada : Quelle perspective en période de pandémie?
Publication Date : 27/11/2023
DOI: 10.36966/irjar2020.14
Author(s) :
Noe Ishaka, M.Ed, Kalum Muray, PhD.
Volume/Issue :
Volume 1
,
Issue 1
(11 - 2023)
Abstract :
En mars 2020, la pandémie de Covid19 a conduit à la suspension des classes et de
toutes les activités scolaires par les autorités
gouvernementales pour aider à contenir la
propagation du virus. L’éducation est l’un des
secteurs concernés par ces mesures strictes. Les
enseignants devaient passer aux méthodes
d'apprentissage à distance. Néanmoins, tous les
élèves n'avaient pas le soutien nécessaire afin de
participer activement aux cours en ligne, à partir
de leurs domiciles. Cela en ajoute aux
problèmes, car il est reconnu que, par rapport à
la population générale, les enfants autochtones
ont plus de difficultés d'apprentissage. Le retard
langagier, par exemple, est entre autres des
problèmes longtemps notifiés chez les enfants
autochtones des écoles élémentaires de la
communauté de Flin Flon, dans le nord du
Manitoba. Même si la cause de ce handicap n’est
toujours pas déterminée, une approche
pédagogique est nécessaire pour les aider à
cheminer et à atteindre, peu soit-il, les objectifs
académiques, à l’instar des autres élèves. Cet
article tente de réfléchir sur la nécessité de
développer les approches d’apprentissage plus
adaptées aux conditions des élèves autochtones,
tenant compte de l’éducation à distance, dans le
contexte de cette pandémie. Des spécialistes
dans le domaine de l’éducation, des éducateurs,
administrateurs ainsi que des parents devraient
être conviés à examiner les paramètres associés
au retard langagier, d’une part et aux difficultés
d'apprentissage chez les enfants autochtones,
d’autre part.
Un tel examen se pencherait à la réussite des
jeunes autochtones autant dans les cours de type
traditionnel (salle de classe) que dans les cours
dispensés en ligne, tout en cogitant sur les
perspectives d’autres approches utiles.
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Evaluation du niveau de la professionnalisation des étudiants finalistes en sciences infirmières formés à l’Institut Supérieur des Techniques Médicales de Kikwit (ISTM/KKT)
Publication Date : 18/10/2023
DOI: 10.36966/irjar2023.11
Author(s) :
Julien Feti Kisiata, Simon-Decap Mabakutuvangilanga Ntela, Kalum Muray, Papy Boloko Muhega, Godel-el Kinyoka Kabalumuna, Jéan-Jacques Kapenga, Marie-Claire Omanyondo Ohambe, Joseph Tsibangu wa Tshibangu.
Volume/Issue :
Volume 2
,
Issue 2
(10 - 2023)
Abstract :
Introduction: This study sought to investigate the professionalization level among finalist nursing students at ISTM Kikwit.
Method: This was a quantitative correlational study conducted among finalist nursing students. Based on a non-probability sampling of accidental type, ninety-five finalist students of the first cycle of university in nursing sciences were selected after their presence in the different services at the General Hospital of Reference of Kikwit North. Systemic observation was used to collect the data.
Results: The main results indicate that the professionalization level rate is 36.8%. The bi-variate analysis shows that the professional attitudes acquired during nursing training have little influence on the professionalization of future nurses. The observed elements show the significant influence of the training on the professional career of the future nurses of the ISTM Kikwit.
Conclusion: The low level of professionalization level among the graduating nursing students justifies the reinforcement of the alternating theoretical and practical training. Training organizers as well as nursing teachers need to implement targeted interventions to shape positive professional values of nursing students, which can foster the ability to be used upon completion of training.
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Covid-19 dans la ville de Kinshasa : Représentations sociales chez les fugitifs du confinement
Publication Date : 24/04/2021
DOI: 10.36966/irjar2021.1
Author(s) :
Mabakutuvangilanga Ntela Simon-Decap, RN PhD, Feti Kisiata Julien, MScN, Mukeba Nkashama Jacques, MScN, Munanga Kabasele Aimé, MScN, Ramazani Jean-Bosco, MD, Ramazani Bin Eradi Imani, MScN, Matoko Nzinga Flavienne, RN, Margat Aurore, PhD, Rothan-Tondeur Monique, RN, PhD.
Volume/Issue :
Volume 2
,
Issue 2
(04 - 2021)
Abstract :
Upon the announcement of lockdown of Kinshasa (The capital city of the Democratic Republic of Congo) due to increase cases of corona virus infections, a wave of fear and concern arose among the population of the city
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causing a massive population’s displacement towards neighboring provinces. This is to contextualize a phenomenological qualitative study exploring the social representation of COVID-19, the motivations influencing the shift of population and the discourses of the subjects on the care strategies or “therapeutic artifacts” proposed by this population of Kinshasa. The analysis of 19 semi-structured interviews highlighted the presence of five categories of representations of COVID-19: imaginary disease, disease for businessmen, invention for demographic purposes, war between states and, divine punishment. In addition, four types of motivation have influenced the movement of the population: socioeconomic crisis, insecurity, ban of churches and, easy access to traditional treatment. This study finally shows that the fugitive population uses traditional therapies (herbalists and traditional beliefs, including prayers and sorcery) to cope with this pandemic. Improving knowledge, strengthening the communication system and interventions aimed at changing social representations causing negative images of COVID-19 are recommended.
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