Author(s) :

Julien Feti Kisiata, MScN, Hatice Şen, PhD.

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Theory and practice are two important components of nursing education. When knowledge acquired in theory translates into practice, effective learning takes place in nursing education. However, research shows that there is a gap between theory and practice. This study was conducted to find out if there is a connection between theories taught in the classroom and the practice of nursing. Qualitative phenomenological design and oneon- one semi-structured interviews were used to collect the data in this study. Four main themes were identified in the study: "Nursing education, theory-practice gap in nursing education if any, reasons for the theorypractice gap in nursing education and suggestions for bridging the theory-practice gap in nursing education ". Twelve out of sixteen students, or seventy-five percent, explained that there was no balance between theory and practice in nursing education. This imbalance explains the notion of a gap between theory and practice in nursing education. Students showed the complexity of the theoretical teaching environment compared to the clinical learning environment. Indeed, these environments have an impact on the learning experience of nursing students. To bridge this gap, many students suggested balancing theory and practice, supporting them more with clinical teaching, and the desirability of solving the language barrier issue between students, theory teachers and others clinical professors. As a result of this study on the gap between theory and practice in nursing education, the qualitative design used in this paper provided new and rich data on the quality of education, the reasons and the solution regarding the Gaps in theory and practice in nursing education at the University of the Near East in North Cyprus. The results of this study would contribute to the revision of the nursing education program of this university. This is the first study in the Republic of Northern Cyprus to examine the gap between theory and practice.

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Author(s) :

Freddy Munyololo Muganza, PhD, Mutendela Tabize Olivier, PhD (cand.), Leshweni Jeremia Shai, PhD, Stanley Sechene Gololo, PhD.

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Rutin was isolated from methanol extract of the aerial part of Asparagus suaveolens using precipitation method. South Africans use Asparagus suaveolens to treat gonorrhea infections. The obtained Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (LC-MS) data and visiting the published data on the isolation of rutin confirmed the structure. The 2008 WHO Neisseria gonorrhea reference strains were used to evaluate microbial activity of rutin against the gonorrhea strains. Rutin found to be bacteriostatic against WHO 2008 Neisseria gonorrhoea F, G, N and O strains with the minimum inhibition concentration of 0.40, 0.65, 0.22 and 0.65 mg/ml, respectively. In addition, rutin fare better than the reference drugs and bactericidal against K, L, M, and P strains. These results support the traditional use of Asparagus suaveolens against gonorrhea infections by South African indigenous people. To our knowledge, this is the first study indicating the activity of rutin against N.gonorrhea strains.

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Author(s) :

Jacques Lofandjola Masumbuku, Ernest Sumaili Kiswaya, Jean Petermans.

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Despite the recommendation of the World Health Organization to integrate traditional medicine into the health systems of low-income countries, the management by traditional healers of patients with advanced disease in the DRC remains poorly documented. This study contributes to the understanding of this practice. This qualitative study was conducted in association with traditional healers involved in the management of patients with advanced disease. Participants listed the different types of advanced stage chronic diseases that they manage. Healing is the ultimate goal of this medicine regardless of the stage of the disease. The supports provided are physical. Medicines are sometimes given free and payment is made afterwards. Support does not exist in this medicine. Practitioners are wary of working with doctors and hospitals and have pointed out administrative constraints. This study made it possible to highlight the various elements that can negatively influence the quality of life of the patient suffering from an advanced disease, namely: the supports provided are mainly physical, the poor collaboration with doctors and hospitals and the existence administrative constraints in the legal exercise of this type of medicine.

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Author(s) :

Pascale-Anne M. Doucet, MPH (candid.), Robyn Gorham, EdD, Elena Hunt, PhD.

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Despite Canada’s linguistic duality status, the francophone community continues to be neglected by the country's authorities. More specifically, the limited scope and access to health services offered to francophones in Ontario pose a serious threat to this population. Facilities providing health services continue to ignore existing health care policies. This situation imposes several actions at the federal, legislative and community levels necessary to ensure the bilingual guarantee promised to the Canadian population. Among these, we must increase the 2021, 2(Jan.-Avril), 1-11 2 of 11 2021, 2(Jan.-Avril), 1-11; Doi: https://doi.org/10.36966/irjar2021.2 www.irjar.org/journal/archives Francophone presence in decision-making groups to ensure the design and establishment of health programs and services focused on the unique and distinct needs of Franco-Ontarians. Moreover, federal financial commitment to Francophone community organizations is essential in order to provide more health services in French, especially in northern and rural communities in the province. Finally, government funding for future research on the health of Francophones is necessary since this will serve as a solid basis for determining how to better serve this population. To achieve this, we would have to consider lobbying, encouraging institutions that provide health services to obtain their bilingual designation, and updating the French Language Services Act. However, by continuing inaction, Franco-Ontarians risk becoming assimilated into the rest of the population, wasting away and seeing their health deteriorating. This article seeks to point out the need to improve the delivery of health services in French in Ontario.

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Author(s) :

Noe Ishaka, M.Ed, Kalum Muray, PhD.

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En mars 2020, la pandémie de Covid19 a conduit à la suspension des classes et de toutes les activités scolaires par les autorités gouvernementales pour aider à contenir la propagation du virus. L’éducation est l’un des secteurs concernés par ces mesures strictes. Les enseignants devaient passer aux méthodes d'apprentissage à distance. Néanmoins, tous les élèves n'avaient pas le soutien nécessaire afin de participer activement aux cours en ligne, à partir de leurs domiciles. Cela en ajoute aux problèmes, car il est reconnu que, par rapport à la population générale, les enfants autochtones ont plus de difficultés d'apprentissage. Le retard langagier, par exemple, est entre autres des problèmes longtemps notifiés chez les enfants autochtones des écoles élémentaires de la communauté de Flin Flon, dans le nord du Manitoba. Même si la cause de ce handicap n’est toujours pas déterminée, une approche pédagogique est nécessaire pour les aider à cheminer et à atteindre, peu soit-il, les objectifs académiques, à l’instar des autres élèves. Cet article tente de réfléchir sur la nécessité de développer les approches d’apprentissage plus adaptées aux conditions des élèves autochtones, tenant compte de l’éducation à distance, dans le contexte de cette pandémie. Des spécialistes dans le domaine de l’éducation, des éducateurs, administrateurs ainsi que des parents devraient être conviés à examiner les paramètres associés au retard langagier, d’une part et aux difficultés d'apprentissage chez les enfants autochtones, d’autre part. Un tel examen se pencherait à la réussite des jeunes autochtones autant dans les cours de type traditionnel (salle de classe) que dans les cours dispensés en ligne, tout en cogitant sur les perspectives d’autres approches utiles.

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